Nanoparticle technologies strengthen cotton performance under drought by improving water‑use efficiency, nutrient delivery, and stress resilience at the plant level. Carefully designed nanoparticles enhance the protection and controlled delivery of essential nutrients and bioactives, helping cotton plants maintain physiological function during water‑limited conditions. By improving uptake, translocation, and retention within plant tissues, nanoparticles support root development, reduce stress‑induced damage, and promote more consistent growth and yield under drought pressure. This precision‑driven approach enables cotton systems to perform more reliably while reducing resource losses and improving sustainability.